3.361 \(\int \frac {1}{x^2 (a-b x^3)} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=123 \[ \frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 a^{4/3}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 a^{4/3}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{a}+2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} a^{4/3}}-\frac {1}{a x} \]

[Out]

-1/a/x-1/3*b^(1/3)*ln(a^(1/3)-b^(1/3)*x)/a^(4/3)+1/6*b^(1/3)*ln(a^(2/3)+a^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x+b^(2/3)*x^2)/a^(4/3)
-1/3*b^(1/3)*arctan(1/3*(a^(1/3)+2*b^(1/3)*x)/a^(1/3)*3^(1/2))/a^(4/3)*3^(1/2)

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.06, antiderivative size = 123, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 14, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {325, 292, 31, 634, 617, 204, 628} \[ \frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 a^{4/3}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 a^{4/3}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{a}+2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} a^{4/3}}-\frac {1}{a x} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[1/(x^2*(a - b*x^3)),x]

[Out]

-(1/(a*x)) - (b^(1/3)*ArcTan[(a^(1/3) + 2*b^(1/3)*x)/(Sqrt[3]*a^(1/3))])/(Sqrt[3]*a^(4/3)) - (b^(1/3)*Log[a^(1
/3) - b^(1/3)*x])/(3*a^(4/3)) + (b^(1/3)*Log[a^(2/3) + a^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x + b^(2/3)*x^2])/(6*a^(4/3))

Rule 31

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_))^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x, x]]/b, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]

Rule 204

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> -Simp[ArcTan[(Rt[-b, 2]*x)/Rt[-a, 2]]/(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]), x] /
; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (LtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 292

Int[(x_)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3), x_Symbol] :> -Dist[(3*Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3])^(-1), Int[1/(Rt[a, 3] + Rt[b, 3]*x),
x], x] + Dist[1/(3*Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3]), Int[(Rt[a, 3] + Rt[b, 3]*x)/(Rt[a, 3]^2 - Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3]*x + Rt[b, 3
]^2*x^2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]

Rule 325

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[((c*x)^(m + 1)*(a + b*x^n)^(p + 1))/(a*
c*(m + 1)), x] - Dist[(b*(m + n*(p + 1) + 1))/(a*c^n*(m + 1)), Int[(c*x)^(m + n)*(a + b*x^n)^p, x], x] /; Free
Q[{a, b, c, p}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && LtQ[m, -1] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, n, m, p, x]

Rule 617

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 1 - 4*Simplify[(a*c)/b^2]}, Dist[-2/b, Sub
st[Int[1/(q - x^2), x], x, 1 + (2*c*x)/b], x] /; RationalQ[q] && (EqQ[q^2, 1] ||  !RationalQ[b^2 - 4*a*c])] /;
FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0]

Rule 628

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(d*Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x +
c*x^2, x]])/b, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0]

Rule 634

Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> Dist[(2*c*d - b*e)/(2*c), Int[1/(a +
b*x + c*x^2), x], x] + Dist[e/(2*c), Int[(b + 2*c*x)/(a + b*x + c*x^2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] &
& NeQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] &&  !NiceSqrtQ[b^2 - 4*a*c]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a-b x^3\right )} \, dx &=-\frac {1}{a x}+\frac {b \int \frac {x}{a-b x^3} \, dx}{a}\\ &=-\frac {1}{a x}+\frac {b^{2/3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x} \, dx}{3 a^{4/3}}-\frac {b^{2/3} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x}{a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2} \, dx}{3 a^{4/3}}\\ &=-\frac {1}{a x}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 a^{4/3}}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b}+2 b^{2/3} x}{a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2} \, dx}{6 a^{4/3}}-\frac {b^{2/3} \int \frac {1}{a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2} \, dx}{2 a}\\ &=-\frac {1}{a x}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 a^{4/3}}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 a^{4/3}}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-3-x^2} \, dx,x,1+\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt [3]{a}}\right )}{a^{4/3}}\\ &=-\frac {1}{a x}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{a}+2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} a^{4/3}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 a^{4/3}}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{b} \log \left (a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 a^{4/3}}\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [A]  time = 0.04, size = 114, normalized size = 0.93 \[ -\frac {-\sqrt [3]{b} x \log \left (a^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2\right )+2 \sqrt [3]{b} x \log \left (\sqrt [3]{a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )+2 \sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{b} x \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt [3]{a}}+1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )+6 \sqrt [3]{a}}{6 a^{4/3} x} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[1/(x^2*(a - b*x^3)),x]

[Out]

-1/6*(6*a^(1/3) + 2*Sqrt[3]*b^(1/3)*x*ArcTan[(1 + (2*b^(1/3)*x)/a^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]] + 2*b^(1/3)*x*Log[a^(1/3) -
b^(1/3)*x] - b^(1/3)*x*Log[a^(2/3) + a^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x + b^(2/3)*x^2])/(a^(4/3)*x)

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fricas [A]  time = 0.77, size = 111, normalized size = 0.90 \[ -\frac {2 \, \sqrt {3} x \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \arctan \left (\frac {2}{3} \, \sqrt {3} x \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} - \frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3}\right ) + x \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \log \left (b x^{2} + a x \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}} - a \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right ) - 2 \, x \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \log \left (b x - a \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}\right ) + 6}{6 \, a x} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x^2/(-b*x^3+a),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

-1/6*(2*sqrt(3)*x*(-b/a)^(1/3)*arctan(2/3*sqrt(3)*x*(-b/a)^(1/3) - 1/3*sqrt(3)) + x*(-b/a)^(1/3)*log(b*x^2 + a
*x*(-b/a)^(2/3) - a*(-b/a)^(1/3)) - 2*x*(-b/a)^(1/3)*log(b*x - a*(-b/a)^(2/3)) + 6)/(a*x)

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giac [A]  time = 0.19, size = 113, normalized size = 0.92 \[ -\frac {b \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}} \log \left ({\left | x - \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \right |}\right )}{3 \, a^{2}} - \frac {\sqrt {3} \left (a b^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, x + \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}}{3 \, \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\right )}{3 \, a^{2} b} + \frac {\left (a b^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}} \log \left (x^{2} + x \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} + \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}\right )}{6 \, a^{2} b} - \frac {1}{a x} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x^2/(-b*x^3+a),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

-1/3*b*(a/b)^(2/3)*log(abs(x - (a/b)^(1/3)))/a^2 - 1/3*sqrt(3)*(a*b^2)^(2/3)*arctan(1/3*sqrt(3)*(2*x + (a/b)^(
1/3))/(a/b)^(1/3))/(a^2*b) + 1/6*(a*b^2)^(2/3)*log(x^2 + x*(a/b)^(1/3) + (a/b)^(2/3))/(a^2*b) - 1/(a*x)

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maple [A]  time = 0.01, size = 100, normalized size = 0.81 \[ -\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \left (\frac {2 x}{\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}+1\right )}{3}\right )}{3 \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} a}-\frac {\ln \left (x -\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}{3 \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} a}+\frac {\ln \left (x^{2}+\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x +\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}\right )}{6 \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} a}-\frac {1}{a x} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/x^2/(-b*x^3+a),x)

[Out]

-1/a/x-1/3/a/(a/b)^(1/3)*ln(x-(a/b)^(1/3))+1/6/a/(a/b)^(1/3)*ln(x^2+(a/b)^(1/3)*x+(a/b)^(2/3))-1/3/a*3^(1/2)/(
a/b)^(1/3)*arctan(1/3*3^(1/2)*(2/(a/b)^(1/3)*x+1))

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maxima [A]  time = 2.85, size = 105, normalized size = 0.85 \[ -\frac {\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, x + \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}}{3 \, \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\right )}{3 \, a \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} + \frac {\log \left (x^{2} + x \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} + \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}\right )}{6 \, a \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} - \frac {\log \left (x - \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}{3 \, a \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} - \frac {1}{a x} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x^2/(-b*x^3+a),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

-1/3*sqrt(3)*arctan(1/3*sqrt(3)*(2*x + (a/b)^(1/3))/(a/b)^(1/3))/(a*(a/b)^(1/3)) + 1/6*log(x^2 + x*(a/b)^(1/3)
+ (a/b)^(2/3))/(a*(a/b)^(1/3)) - 1/3*log(x - (a/b)^(1/3))/(a*(a/b)^(1/3)) - 1/(a*x)

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mupad [B]  time = 1.15, size = 127, normalized size = 1.03 \[ \frac {{\left (-b\right )}^{1/3}\,\ln \left (b^3\,x-a^{1/3}\,{\left (-b\right )}^{8/3}\right )}{3\,a^{4/3}}-\frac {1}{a\,x}-\frac {{\left (-b\right )}^{1/3}\,\ln \left (a\,b^3\,x-a^{4/3}\,{\left (-b\right )}^{8/3}\,{\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}^2\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}{3\,a^{4/3}}+\frac {{\left (-b\right )}^{1/3}\,\ln \left (a\,b^3\,x-9\,a^{4/3}\,{\left (-b\right )}^{8/3}\,{\left (-\frac {1}{6}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{6}\right )}^2\right )\,\left (-\frac {1}{6}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{6}\right )}{a^{4/3}} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/(x^2*(a - b*x^3)),x)

[Out]

((-b)^(1/3)*log(b^3*x - a^(1/3)*(-b)^(8/3)))/(3*a^(4/3)) - 1/(a*x) - ((-b)^(1/3)*log(a*b^3*x - a^(4/3)*(-b)^(8
/3)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2)^2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2))/(3*a^(4/3)) + ((-b)^(1/3)*log(a*b^3*x - 9*a^(4/3)*(-b)^(
8/3)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/6 - 1/6)^2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/6 - 1/6))/a^(4/3)

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sympy [A]  time = 0.25, size = 31, normalized size = 0.25 \[ - \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (27 t^{3} a^{4} - b, \left (t \mapsto t \log {\left (- \frac {9 t^{2} a^{3}}{b} + x \right )} \right )\right )} - \frac {1}{a x} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x**2/(-b*x**3+a),x)

[Out]

-RootSum(27*_t**3*a**4 - b, Lambda(_t, _t*log(-9*_t**2*a**3/b + x))) - 1/(a*x)

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